{"id":486,"date":"2022-02-01T12:04:30","date_gmt":"2022-02-01T11:04:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/?p=486"},"modified":"2023-01-25T17:08:09","modified_gmt":"2023-01-25T16:08:09","slug":"estoy-en-la-zona-o-no","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/im-in-the-zone-or-am-i\/","title":{"rendered":"Estoy en la zona, \u00bfo no?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Se ha estudiado mucho c\u00f3mo aprendemos; existen infinidad de libros sobre la teor\u00eda del aprendizaje y los mejores m\u00e9todos de ense\u00f1anza. Pero en 1935, un psic\u00f3logo sovi\u00e9tico formul\u00f3 una teor\u00eda que se ense\u00f1a a docentes de todo el mundo. Perm\u00edtanme presentarles a Lev Vygotsky.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/zone-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-488\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El a\u00f1o pasado paseaba por el centro g\u00f3tico de Barcelona y me di cuenta de que todo estaba cerrado. Tiendas, bares, restaurantes, todo. No hab\u00eda nada abierto. Lo coment\u00e9 en una de mis clases de ingl\u00e9s al d\u00eda siguiente, cuando alguien me dijo que m\u00e1s de 351.000 tiendas en el centro de Barcelona hab\u00edan quebrado. Y probablemente esa no sea la imagen completa. \u00a1Esta pandemia nos ha afectado a todos!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Durante ese tiempo, mucha gente decidi\u00f3 retomar el aprendizaje de idiomas. Y con raz\u00f3n, pues era una \u00e9poca de confinamiento y de imposibilidad de realizar las actividades recreativas a las que est\u00e1bamos acostumbrados; no pod\u00edamos ir de compras porque, al igual que en Barcelona, estaban todas cerradas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Conozco a mucha gente que siente que, aunque est\u00e1 estudiando, no est\u00e1 progresando en el aprendizaje del idioma.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aprender idiomas se ha convertido poco a poco en una prioridad para muchas personas. Sin embargo, muchos se sienten frustrados porque, a pesar de estudiar, no perciben ning\u00fan progreso. Y probablemente sea cierto: no est\u00e1n progresando.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En mi \u00faltima publicaci\u00f3n <a href=\"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/como-no-olvidar-retener-lo-que-aprendes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u00bfC\u00f3mo no olvidar? Reteniendo lo aprendido.<\/a> Escrib\u00ed sobre c\u00f3mo retener lo que hemos aprendido en nuestro cerebro. Pero hay otro aspecto crucial del aprendizaje, y ah\u00ed es donde entra Vygotsky. \u00c9l introdujo al mundo la Zona de Desarrollo Pr\u00f3ximo (ZDP). Pero, \u00bfqu\u00e9 es eso?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zygotsky lo defini\u00f3 as\u00ed: \u201cLa distancia entre el nivel de desarrollo real, determinado por la resoluci\u00f3n independiente de problemas, y el nivel de desarrollo potencial, determinado mediante la resoluci\u00f3n de problemas bajo la gu\u00eda de un adulto o en colaboraci\u00f3n con compa\u00f1eros m\u00e1s capaces\u201d.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"850\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ZPD.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-490\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ZPD.png 850w, https:\/\/sankofa.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ZPD-300x206.png 300w, https:\/\/sankofa.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/ZPD-768x529.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Para avanzar, necesitas ser guiado a trav\u00e9s de la Zona de Desarrollo Pr\u00f3ximo.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En pocas palabras, las personas aprenden cuando son guiadas por quienes tienen m\u00e1s experiencia en la materia que est\u00e1n aprendiendo. Tambi\u00e9n aprenden cuando desarrollan las habilidades que ya poseen y se esfuerzan por adquirir nuevas habilidades que se encuentran dentro de su zona de desarrollo pr\u00f3ximo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lo realmente importante aqu\u00ed es la gu\u00eda de quienes poseen m\u00e1s experiencia. Se trata, sencillamente, de un profesor, alguien que te impulse desde tu punto de partida hasta la Zona de Desarrollo Pr\u00f3ximo, donde adquieres nuevas habilidades. Es ah\u00ed donde se produce el aprendizaje de idiomas, donde se produce el progreso, y esto se logra con la gu\u00eda de un profesor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00ed, tal vez est\u00e9s aprendiendo con una aplicaci\u00f3n, escuchando podcasts y viendo programas en ingl\u00e9s con subt\u00edtulos en ingl\u00e9s, y eso es fant\u00e1stico; tener ese nivel de motivaci\u00f3n y compromiso es realmente genial. Pero para progresar de verdad, para alcanzar ese nivel en el que puedes hacer las cosas de forma independiente, es donde se produce el verdadero aprendizaje; necesitas la gu\u00eda de un profesor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Y, si quieres retener lo que has aprendido, necesitas refrescar ese aprendizaje peri\u00f3dicamente de acuerdo con la curva del olvido. Echa un vistazo a la publicaci\u00f3n anterior. <a href=\"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/como-no-olvidar-retener-lo-que-aprendes\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" title=\"aqu\u00ed.\">aqu\u00ed.<\/a>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How we learn has been studied a lot, there are books and books on the theory of learning and the best methods of teaching. But one Soviet psychologist in 1935 came up with a theory that is taught to teachers all over the world. Let me introduce Mr. Lev Vygotsky. I was walking through the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sin-categoria"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"trp-custom-language-flag":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Brendan Quinn","author_link":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/author\/brendan\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"How we learn has been studied a lot, there are books and books on the theory of learning and the best methods of teaching. But one Soviet psychologist in 1935 came up with a theory that is taught to teachers all over the world. Let me introduce Mr. Lev Vygotsky. I was walking through the&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=486"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/486\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=486"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=486"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sankofa.es\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=486"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}